What are they?

There are 3 types of toe deformities that are very similar – hammer toe, mallet toe, and claw toe. Additionally, there can be occasions where the lesser toes may overlap. These conditions can either be flexible (your joint has the ability to move) or rigid (your joint has very limited and/or no ability to move). Each of these conditions has unique characteristics in relation to how the toes bend and the degree of deformity; however they share similar symptoms and treatment methods.

Toe deformities are among the most common toe problems. Although both men and women are at risk, women are 5 times more likely to experience a toe deformity than men (often a result of improper footwear). Also, the chance of suffering from a toe deformity increases by 2 – 20% with age.

What causes toe deformities?

There are many, many causes but some of the most common include:

  • Weakness in a muscle near the arch of the foot. This results in the long toe muscles on the top of the foot helping to do its job.
  • Shoes shorter than your toes, making them bunch up.
  • Shoes too loose around the instep. Clawing the toes will make the foot thicken up and hold on to the shoe better.
  • Strokes or any disorder causing weakness in muscles.
  • A bunion encroaching into the space of the 2nd toe.
  • Arthritis affecting the body as a whole

How is it treated?

No matter what the cause of the toe deformation, shoe fit is important for comfort. Shoes that cover only the toes and leave the instep bare are the worst style as the shoe has nowhere to hang onto except the toes. A shoe that fits well around the instep will stop the foot from sliding into the end of the shoe when you are walking downhill or downstairs and makes it possible for the shoe to stay on easily without relying on being tight around the toes.

Often there is a mechanical reason for the toes clawing that the podiatrist can address directly. The podiatrist can remove any corns or callus forming from the toe deformity. Protective devices are available and have variable success depending on the cause of the problem. More can be done to help a toe that can still be straightened out rather than one that is locked into a clawed position so don’t delay in seeking help.

WARNING : This information is for educational purposes only and is not intended to replace professional podiatric advice. Treatment will vary between individuals depending upon your diagnosis and presenting complaint. An accurate diagnosis can only be made following personal consultation with a Podiatrist.